% This is samplepaper.tex, a sample chapter demonstrating the
% LLNCS macro package for Springer Computer Science proceedings;
% Version 2.21 of 2022/01/12
%
\documentclass[runningheads]{llncs}
%
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
% T1 fonts will be used to generate the final print and online PDFs,
% so please use T1 fonts in your manuscript whenever possible.
% Other font encondings may result in incorrect characters.

% UTF-8 is advised
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
%
\usepackage{graphicx}
% Used for displaying a sample figure. If possible, figure files should
% be included in EPS format.

\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{rotating} % box rotating (please do use with moderation)

% to typeset URLs, URIs, and DOIs
\usepackage{url}

% If you use the hyperref package, please uncomment the following two lines
% to display URLs in blue roman font according to Springer's eBook style:
\usepackage{color}
\renewcommand\UrlFont{\color{blue}\rmfamily}
\urlstyle{rm}

% multicolumn layout
\usepackage{multicol}

% tables 
\usepackage{tabularx} % advanced table formatting
\usepackage{multirow} % permit row spanning

% provide \Floatbarrier (use \Floatbarrier with caution!)
\usepackage{placeins}

% mathematical typesetting
\usepackage{amsmath} %
\usepackage{amssymb} %
\usepackage{amsfonts} %

% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
% ITIB authors:
% ADDITIONAL PACKAGES: please do consult the conference office first
% \usepackage[safe]{tipa}
% \usepackage{relsize}
% ...
% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!




\begin{document}
%
\title{Contribution Title}
%
%\titlerunning{Abbreviated paper title}
% If the paper title is too long for the running head, you can set
% an abbreviated paper title here
%
\author{First Author\inst{1}\orcidID{0000-1111-2222-3333} \and
Second Author\inst{2,3}\orcidID{1111-2222-3333-4444} \and
Third Author\inst{3}\orcidID{2222--3333-4444-5555}}
%
\authorrunning{F. Author et al.}
% First names are abbreviated in the running head.
% If there are more than two authors, 'et al.' is used.
%
\institute{Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, USA \and
Springer Heidelberg, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg, Germany
\email{lncs@springer.com}\\
\url{http://www.springer.com/gp/computer-science/lncs} \and
ABC Institute, Rupert-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany\\
\email{\{abc,lncs\}@uni-heidelberg.de}}

% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
% ITIB authors: please do provide email addressess of all the authors. This may permit access to the electronic version of the paper once it's published.
% !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

%
\maketitle              % typeset the header of the contribution
%
\begin{abstract}
The abstract should briefly summarize the contents of the paper in
150--250 words.

\keywords{First keyword  \and Second keyword \and Another keyword.}
\end{abstract}
%
%
%
\section{First Section}
\subsection{A Subsection Sample}
Please note that the first paragraph of a section or subsection is
not indented. The first paragraph that follows a table, figure,
equation etc. does not need an indent, either.

Subsequent paragraphs, however, are indented.

\subsubsection{Sample Heading (Third Level)} Only two levels of
headings should be numbered. Lower level headings remain unnumbered;
they are formatted as run-in headings.

\paragraph{Sample Heading (Fourth Level)}
The contribution should contain no more than four levels of
headings. Table~\ref{tab1} gives a summary of all heading levels.

\begin{table}
\caption{Table captions should be placed above the
tables.}\label{tab1}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
\hline
Heading level &  Example & Font size and style\\
\hline
Title (centered) &  {\Large\bfseries Lecture Notes} & 14 point, bold\\
1st-level heading &  {\large\bfseries 1 Introduction} & 12 point, bold\\
2nd-level heading & {\bfseries 2.1 Printing Area} & 10 point, bold\\
3rd-level heading & {\bfseries Run-in Heading in Bold.} Text follows & 10 point, bold\\
4th-level heading & {\itshape Lowest Level Heading.} Text follows & 10 point, italic\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{table}


\noindent Displayed equations are centered and set on a separate
line.
\begin{equation}
x + y = z
\end{equation}
Please try to avoid rasterized images for line-art diagrams and
schemas. Whenever possible, use vector graphics instead (see
Fig.~\ref{fig1}).

\begin{figure}
\includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{fig1}
\caption{A figure caption is always placed below the illustration.
Please note that short captions are centered, while long ones are
justified by the macro package automatically.} \label{fig1}
\end{figure}

\begin{theorem}
This is a sample theorem. The run-in heading is set in bold, while
the following text appears in italics. Definitions, lemmas,
propositions, and corollaries are styled the same way.
\end{theorem}
%
% the environments 'definition', 'lemma', 'proposition', 'corollary',
% 'remark', and 'example' are defined in the LLNCS documentclass as well.
%
\begin{proof}
Proofs, examples, and remarks have the initial word in italics,
while the following text appears in normal font.
\end{proof}
For citations of references, we prefer the use of square brackets
and consecutive numbers. Citations using labels or the author/year
convention are also acceptable. The following bibliography provides
a sample reference list with entries for journal
articles~\cite{ref_article1}, an LNCS chapter~\cite{ref_lncs1}, a
book~\cite{ref_book1}, proceedings without editors~\cite{ref_proc1},
and a homepage~\cite{ref_url1}. Multiple citations are grouped
\cite{ref_article1,ref_lncs1,ref_book1},
\cite{ref_article1,ref_book1,ref_proc1,ref_url1}.







\section{Practical notes}
Please note that this section is only present in the ITIB template. 

\subsection{Graphics}

Include your graphics as eps (encapsulated Postscript, better) or ps (Postscript without bounding box) files, and use latex (no pdf latex) for compilation. You may use, e.g., Inkscape, Corel Draw tools, or (free) ImageMagick or Gimp to convert bitmaps to eps. Try to avoid converting loosely compressed files (e.g., JPEG). You may also include the eps version alongside the original bitmaps.

For example, a command to use inkscape inkscape in semi-batch mode (you may be asked to select export mode) is:
\begin{verbatim}
 inkscape --export-filename name.eps name.png
\end{verbatim} 


Ensure that your graphics look good on grayscale. You may include color versions for the electronic edition (add COLOR suffix to the filename).

Examples of various formatting options are presented in Figures~\ref{fig:itiblogo} to \ref{fig:itiblogoMATRIX}.

\begin{figure}
 \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} % you may omit the extension. itib.png will be selected during pdflatex compilation and itib.eps during latex compilation
  \caption{ITIB logo.\label{fig:itiblogo} It has a heart} 
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
 \subfigure[First logo.\label{fig:itiblogo1}]{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} }
 \subfigure[Second logo.\label{fig:itiblogo2}]{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} }
\\
  \subfigure[Third logo.\label{fig:itiblogo3}]{\includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} }
  \caption{ITIB logo on the left \subref{fig:itiblogo1}, right \subref{fig:itiblogo2} and bottom \subref{fig:itiblogo3}.  \label{fig:itiblogoCOMPLEX}} 
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
 \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} \quad \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} \quad \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} \\
 \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} \quad \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} \quad \includegraphics[width=0.3\textwidth]{itib} 
  \caption{ITIB logo \label{fig:itiblogoMATRIX}} 
\end{figure}

\subsection{Tables}

A few examples of table formatting are shown in Tables~\ref{tab:t1} to \ref{tab:t3}.


\begin{table}[htbp]
\caption{Some values.\label{tab:t1}}
\begin{tabular}{|lc|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
              &{Column 1} & {Column 2}  & {Column 3} 	& {Column 4}   	& \textbf{Average} \\ \hline
  {Phase I}   & 5.99 	  & 6.06 	& 9.32 		& 5.88 		& 6.81  \\ %
  {Phase II}  & 10.03 	  & 8.61 	& 9.64 		& 4.86 		& 8.28 \\% \hline
  {Phase III} & 8.95 	  & 8.91 	& 6.75 		& 3.75 		& 7.09 \\ \hline
 \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[htbp]
 \caption{Some values.\label{tab:t2}}
 \begin{tabular}{|l@{\hspace{1em}}|c@{\hspace{1em}}|c@{\hspace{1em}}|c@{\hspace{1em}}|c@{\hspace{1em}}|c|}
  \hline
              &{Column 1} & {Column 2}  & {Column 3} 	& {Column 4}   	& \textbf{Average} \\ \hline
  {Phase I}   & 5.99 	  & 6.06 	& 9.32 		& 5.88 		& 6.81  \\ %
  {Phase II}  & 10.03 	  & 8.61 	& 9.64 		& 4.86 		& 8.28 \\% \hline
  {Phase III} & 8.95 	  & 8.91 	& 6.75 		& 3.75 		& 7.09 \\ \hline
 \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[htbp]
 \caption{Some values.\label{tab:t3}}
 \begin{tabular}{|l@{\hspace{2em}}|c@{\hspace{2em}}|c@{\hspace{2em}}|c@{\hspace{2em}}|c@{\hspace{1em}}|c|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{Header} &
			  \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Columns 1--3} 	& Column 	& Average \\
			  \cline{2-4} 
              &{1}	  & {2}  	& {3} 		& {4}   	& $\Sigma/n$ \\ \hline
  {Phase I}   & \multirow{2}{*}{5.99}   & 6.06 	& 9.32 		& 5.88 		& 6.81  \\ %
  {Phase II}  &  	  & 12.65 	& 9.64 		& 4.86 		& 8.28 \\% \hline
  {Phase III} & 8.95 	  & 8.91 	& 6.75 		& 3.75 		& 7.09 \\ [2pt]
\hline
 \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\subsection{Bibliography}

Please note that the best way to submit the bibliography is to use the BibTeX database in a separate file and splncs04 bibliography style, as advised below (that is in the commented template code). 


Moreover:
\begin{itemize}
\item please provide \verb#doi# identifier, where possible,
\item items that are not available in English should be accordingly marked by placing `(in German)', `(in Polish)', etc. by the end of the entry.
\end{itemize}

\subsection {Additional notes}

\begin{itemize}
  \item Several publisher's guidelines for contributors are included in  \verb#llncsdoc.pdf# (\verb#additionalInfo# directory) document. 
  \item The website of your institution is optional.
  \item Full names and surnames of all the authors should be provided.
  \item Your manuscript should have an even number of pages.
  \item Do not mix British and American English.
\end{itemize}














\begin{credits}
\subsubsection{\ackname} A bold run-in heading in small font size at the end of the paper is
used for general acknowledgments, for example: This study was funded
by X (grant number Y).

\subsubsection{\discintname}
It is now necessary to declare any competing interests or to specifically
state that the authors have no competing interests. Please place the
statement with a bold run-in heading in small font size beneath the
(optional) acknowledgments, %\footnote{If EquinOCS, our proceedings submission system, is used, then the disclaimer can be provided directly in the system.},
for example: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are
relevant to the content of this article. Or: Author A has received research
grants from Company W. Author B has received a speaker honorarium from
Company X and owns stock in Company Y. Author C is a member of committee Z.
\end{credits}
%
% ---- Bibliography ----
%
% BibTeX users should specify bibliography style 'splncs04'.
% References will then be sorted and formatted in the correct style.
%
% \bibliographystyle{splncs04}
% \bibliography{mybibliography}
%
\begin{thebibliography}{8}
\bibitem{ref_article1}
Author, F.: Article title. Journal \textbf{2}(5), 99--110 (2016)

\bibitem{ref_lncs1}
Author, F., Author, S.: Title of a proceedings paper. In: Editor,
F., Editor, S. (eds.) CONFERENCE 2016, LNCS, vol. 9999, pp. 1--13.
Springer, Heidelberg (2016). \doi{10.10007/1234567890}

\bibitem{ref_book1}
Author, F., Author, S., Author, T.: Book title. 2nd edn. Publisher,
Location (1999)

\bibitem{ref_proc1}
Author, A.-B.: Contribution title. In: 9th International Proceedings
on Proceedings, pp. 1--2. Publisher, Location (2010)

\bibitem{ref_url1}
LNCS Homepage, \url{http://www.springer.com/lncs}, last accessed 2023/10/25
\end{thebibliography}
\end{document}
